[China Instrument Network Instrument R&D] Air pollution, especially PM2.5, is one of the most important environmental issues facing humanity. Researchers at the Peking University Research Group recently made an interdisciplinary progress on this issue. For the first time, fluorescent-labeled yeasts were used to replace the semiconductor sensors in the existing methods, and real-time online monitoring of PM2.5 toxicity was realized.
It is understood that the current studies on the toxicity of airborne particulates are mostly off-line, and their toxicity cannot be known in time. The sensitivity of cell exposure or animal exposure tests is low, and some health effects are not easily detected. In terms of pathogenic mechanism of particulate matter, there are similar phenomenon of "blind people's groping", and it is impossible to understand the mechanism of PM2.5 toxicity in all aspects.
Expression of Saccharomyces cerevisiae against Beijing air pollution DNA repair protein (SSA1)
Inspired by the yeast related research, the research team headed by Faculty of Environmental Science and Engineering of Peking University, led by Luo Chunxiong, an associate professor of the School of Physics, integrated the use of air sampling, microfluidic, fluorescent protein-labeled yeast and single yeast protein fluorescence. The automatic detection platform uses living yeast instead of traditional semiconductor sensors to create a real-time online monitoring system for atmospheric PM2.5 toxicity.
To be introduced, the research team first collected PM2.5 particles into the liquid, and then delivered the samples in real time to a chip containing yeast. Because yeast reacts to stimuli from particles, by labeling all the genes of the yeast with different fluorescent proteins, you can see in real time which genes of the yeast are responding to the stimulatory effects of the particles, as if you were able to monitor different regions in real time. Vehicle driving conditions."
It is reported that this yeast, commonly known as Saccharomyces cerevisiae, has a rapid reproduction and its gene sequence was sequenced in 1996. It was the first eukaryotic organism to complete gene sequencing and was widely used in human disease research.
Researchers believe that this method provides groundbreaking research ideas and methods for the study of the effects of particulate matter on human health, and it can understand the possible damage of PM2.5 to the human body at the molecular level.
At present, the research results have applied for national invention patents. The research group is using this system to study the toxicity of particulate matter in different countries and regions. It is also screening more responsive yeast proteins and studying their sensitivity and responsive toxicity calibration to further reveal the effects of PM2.5 on the human body. Specific viral mechanisms.
(Original title: Chinese scientists use yeast to monitor PM2.5 toxicity online in real time)
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Calcium carbide is an inorganic substance, the chemical formula is CaC2, the main component of calcium carbide, white crystals, industrial products are gray-black lumps, and the cross section is purple or gray. It reacts violently when encountering water, generating acetylene and releasing heat. Calcium carbide is an important basic chemical raw material, mainly used to produce acetylene gas. Also used in organic synthesis, oxyacetylene welding, etc.
Acetylene produced by the reaction of calcium carbide with water can synthesize many organic compounds such as synthetic rubber, synthetic resin, acetone, ketene, carbon black, etc.; at the same time, acetylene-oxygen flame is widely used in metal welding and cutting.
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